Cataracts: What You Need to Know
What Are Cataracts?
Much like a camera lens, the natural lens of your eye focuses light onto the retina to create clear images. When cataracts develop, this once-transparent lens becomes cloudy, leading to blurred or impaired vision. This occurs when proteins in the eye’s lens break down and clump together, gradually obstructing vision. Cataracts can form in one or both eyes but do not spread from one eye to the other.
Causes & Symptoms of Cataracts
Cataracts most commonly develop with age, typically affecting those over 50. However, they can also be caused by:
✔ Genetics
✔ Eye injuries or trauma
✔ UV light exposure
✔ Toxic chemicals or radiation
✔ Infections and diseases
✔ Certain medications
✔ Smoking & diabetes (two of the most common non-age-related causes)
Early Signs of Cataracts:
🔹 Blurred, foggy, or faded vision
🔹 Increased sensitivity to light and glare
🔹 Difficulty reading or seeing at night
🔹 Colors appearing dull or washed out
🔹 Frequent changes in prescription glasses
🔹 In extreme cases, double vision
If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, it’s time to schedule an eye exam.
How Do I Know If I Have Cataracts?
A simple eye exam can detect cataracts early. During your appointment, an optometrist will use a specialized microscope to examine your lens and assess any clouding. Additional tests, such as measuring visual acuity, can help confirm the diagnosis. If cataracts are detected, your optometrist will discuss the best course of action for maintaining or restoring your vision.
Cataract Treatment: What Are Your Options?
If your cataracts are mild, regular check-ups and updated prescription glasses may be enough to manage your vision. However, if they significantly impact your daily life, cataract surgery may be recommended.
What Happens During Cataract Surgery?
Your eye is numbed with anesthetic drops or an injection.
A small incision is made in the cornea.
The cloudy lens is broken up and removed.
A clear, artificial lens is inserted to restore sharp vision.
The procedure is quick (about 30 minutes), painless, and has a high success rate.
Cataract surgery is optional but life-changing for many people, allowing them to regain clear, effortless vision.
After Surgery: What to Expect
Side Effects:
🔹 Light sensitivity
🔹 Mild discomfort or itching
🔹 Temporary blurriness
🔹 Discharge or minor irritation
Recovery Tips:
✔ Wear protective glasses to shield your eyes
✔ Avoid dusty environments
✔ Refrain from strenuous activities
✔ Do not rub or press on your eye
Most side effects subside within a day or two. If discomfort persists, consult your eye care specialist immediately.
When Will My Vision Be Clear Again?
Your eyesight may be slightly blurry as your eyes adjust and heal. This is normal, especially if both eyes were treated. Your specialist will advise when it’s safe to resume activities like driving.
How to Protect Your Eyes From Cataracts
🕶️ Wear UV-protective sunglasses and a wide-brimmed hat in the sun.
🥦 Maintain a healthy diet rich in vitamins and antioxidants.
🚭 Avoid smoking, as it accelerates cataract formation.
🛑 Minimise exposure to harsh chemicals by wearing protective eyewear.
Regular eye exams are essential for early detection and prevention. Book an appointment today and take control of your eye health!